Photographic shutter.



A. WOLLENSAK.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3. lgm.

1,143,926. Patented June 22 1915.

abacus BMW f Bef-it hown that 1, AND EW WOLLENSAK,

a "ci't'i z entof the United States, and resident new and' i useful Improvements W in Photoai -specification; I

V posurefmayQbef produced af-single stroke pneumatic retarderz"orequivaler t device. shutter of the-type above referred to is 1 'disclosed; for eirample; in United States Let Y, ters PatentNo:1,035,762, issued tome August 13*, 51912, and the object-"of the present invention fisto simplify and improve the con-- I structi'on: ofa shutter -such? asthat disclosed insaid patent, in 'several respects which will 7 be hereinafter 'pointed'outi' '25' isPa front-elevation, andFigi 2 is a vertical f axial i-sec'tiongj of a shutter embodying. the -presentginvention, with the omission of the 1 "front cover-plate and :certain other parts 7 I V EigmSvis a partial front elevatiOm-On-a ugreatly enlarge'd scale, sh'owingxa portion:

of an actuating member or i lever, and in which the duratiorr of the expo ure, when of Inthe accompanying drawings Figure '1 having no bearing on thepresent Einvention of the:-blade-ri1ig and the bearing-member.

* 51is avieW-of the same parts-a from beneath.

bl'ades in their: proper plane and .retainthem uiponzithei pivots, they; are engaged in: front:

"ggiilu s: 31m; than;

Shutters, of whichtheafollowing is I I whichis pivotedjona studiSand operated "This? invention" relates i to v photographic shutters; of the automatic "type, F in which all Y rthe ihovements of ;an-- instantanebus ex f supports' 'itg Fig, 41s adetail front elevation yishowing particularly the lever I which actuates: the blade-ring and the parts 7 immediately associated-therewith; and Fig.-

NEW ortk, lissieivon TO: 5mm; cjo rAnv; or Ro nns'rER, NEW YORK, A corvronATIoN oF NEW YO K.

Pfio'roenArHIo SHUTTER.

1 "maa emagz, 1915;

Applicationfiledlugust 3,1914; Serial No. 854,887.

I The blades are actuated, in well-known manner, by an annular member or 'bladering15, provided with pivots 34 engaging openings in the blades, as shown in Fig. 2.

The power by'which the shutter-mechanism 1s actuated is provided, in the usual manner, by the movement of an actuating-lever 16,

by the'usual spring and manual conlever is connected with" the blade-ring by mechanism including the usual master-lever 17', which is suitably articulated with the actu'ating-lever The master-lever is con-- nected with: the blade ring, as in my said patentfby a blade-lever 18, which cooperates with the :lowenend ofthe masterleven The master-lever is pivoted on a screw-19, and is movedin one direction, and"held"-in its normal position, by a spring20 coiled upon the pivot. I The blade-lever is mounted on a pivot-pin 21 and its'movement in one direction is produced by a spring 22, the opposite "movement being produced by' its co-action with the master-lever. The blade-lever has a rearwardly-projecting arm 23 (Fig. 5),

movements of the Y blade-lever cause: partial rotative'movements of the blade-ring, which resu'lti-in-swinging movements ofthe shutter bladesVlOJ i 'The'movements o f 'the shutter-mechanism in producingw-hat are'commonly described 1 as-*instant aneous'" exposures having generally a duration of not overa second, are

controlled, in the usual manner, by a pneu cally referred to; it :will be understood that the shutter may have any ordinary: or suitable detent mechanism for controlling the "movements (Sf-the bla'de actuatingmecha nism in -producing ex'p osures other than insta ntaneous. I One feature of the present inventionresides in' the structure ofthe'bearing-ring'12,

by which the blade-ring and i the blades l are supported, and in the manner in which thisbearing-ring engages and cooperates with which engages "a bifurc'ated lug 60 on the blade-rmg- 15 (Fig; so that swinging a theibl ade-rin-g 15.-:As shown-in Figs. 2-and 3,-zthe bearing-ring is s03 pressed, 0r- 'other-:

wise formed, as to have two annul'ar portions lying in different planes, the outer portion extendingfrearwardly, so that the front surface of'the 'blade ring is substantially 1n the same plane as the front surface of the V -inner portion of the bearing-ring. formation of the. bearing-rlng produces an This annular shoulder about'which the blade ring turns, but this shoulder is not sufliciently' pronounced or squareto provide suitable bearing-s'urfaces for guiding vthe blade-ring 1n its rotatlve movements. Accordingly, in

the process of forming" the bearing-ring it is punched fromthe rear at a number of spaced -points:27fl(Figs.,2 and-3), so as to g shea'r'smallportions of the metalforwardly I shownin Fig. 3, the bearing-ring hasvoutin line with the inner edge of jthe bladering, thus producingpronounced shoulders affording ring. o

Another novel feature ofthebearing-ring 12 resides in the arrangement by which it is provided, not only with a bearing-surface suitable bearing-surfaces for the for the rearsurface of the blade-ring, but i also 7' with V bearing-lugs] which engage the frontsurfaceof the ring and maintainit in place againstfthe rear bearing-surface -As wardly-projecting portions 29,- which are seated againstitheback of the'casing-l3 (Fig. 2), to which they may" be fastened by" screws or in any other suitable manner.

Projecting forwardly, however,- from each of the parts 29 arelugs 30, which are shown as perforated to receive screws ,by which other portions of'the shutter may be secured inf'place. .Each of these lugs 30 lies in a position in'front of the blade-ring, and is extendedinwardly, as at 32in Fig. 3, so as tofov'er-hang the front surfaceof the blade- .ring, thus providing-a front bearing for the ring, and retaining it securely against the rear bearing-surface Torpermit the blade-ring to be introduced, without distortion, between the-lugs 30 and the body of thebearing-ring-it is provided with notches 33 in; itsyouter margin, which may be a brought, by rotation of the ring, into line with ,.the'lugs,but which are out .of line with ma'sterrlever" rides freely, owing tofits -resiliency, during, its movement from normal swinging-movement of the blade-actuating .lever," upon the 1 return-movement of the master-lever. ,IH'IVP'I'GVIOHS shutters, how-- ever, the construction and arrangement of these parts has been such that theim'asterf, lever normally presses against the forward surface of the bladeactuating lever during..

' lever'and its" pivot to a certain amount offi friction, and it has also been found that lever restsa nd slides, except atthe moment180j so shapedfrom sheet-metal as to .lie under lever, and no pressure is e'xerted upongth blade-actuating lever. During, the; firs 1 without exerting any lateral pressu u n.

position, and against'the end of'which the. master -'lever exerts force, resultingin a the movement of the two lever's'in'both di-fli I rection's, thus subjecting the blade-actuatmg'm under certain conditions the master-lever might interlock with the edgeof thebladeactuating lever in such a way as to preventxvfi the proper performance of its functions by the shutter-mechanism. In the present construction these disadvantages are avoided by theuseof a guide upon which the masterj when'it isriding over the inclinedf lug on the blade actuating leverduring the-firs movement of the master-lever, thusj relieving'the blade-actuating lever entirely, ex'- cept 'atf that inoment, from the lateral pres, sure ofthe ,master-lever.5' jAs shownp ticularly in'Figs t and 5-, the master-lever is provided at its lower'end with two rear wardly' bent lugs 36 and 37, the lug'36 being that which cooperates with the inclinedlug fiQ 35 on -the blade-actuating lever, ,while the lug 37 normally rests and slides 1 upon 5 amember}, 38, f which constitutes the guidegv above're'ferred to.- This guide-member isle.

the lugc35 and over other parts of the blade; actuating lever, and it is fixedin placefby, screw '62, and provided also with 'an up wardly-bent lug 63, which serves as; a stop for the master-lever. o Inthe normal position of the master-lever both lugs 36 and 37 restagainst-theguid 38,0wing to the resiliency of the master movementof the master-lever it is support ed in this manner until the'lug 36 engage and rides over the lug 35, an d as soon asthi hasoc'curredthe lugs 36 and'37' againenga'g the guide and remain in suchengageinent the blade-actuating lever, while themaster lever is performing its return-movement which the bladeeactuating lever is caused first to open and then close the, shutter-Y blades, through the 'intermediation' of th blade-ring 1'5. 3

Anotherfeature of the inventionreside in the simple construction and arrangemen ofthefretarder-and its connectionwith th master lever. I As shown particularly. inFi l, -the'retarder lever 26V is-pivoted on stud' lO," and lies in front of the master-leve It has afrearwardly-bent lug- 1 1 near it pivoted end, which cooperates with a salien partior proj ection 42 on the edge offth master-leverfl iA tension-spring 43 connects the' two levers, being attachedtohooks-A and fiz'o'nthe retarder-lever and thejn 'aste .lever, respectively, and this spring tends.

constantly to hold=the levers in engagement, 3, and" to -causethe retarderlever to follow the f master-lever whenthe latter makes its move-i ment from}; normal position preparatory to operative engagement with the blade-actu-- i a'ting lever 183 H The' amplitude of the movement of the '=retarder'-lever is limited,'

' V we'iremebrithefin ement f. o 44 being the usual device tfor controlling the thereoniwith" a cam-like portion 46 on the edge of." the' controller ring t7g this latter operation of the retarderate the detents Ac ord ng y th re r r- The air within :the retarder-cylinder 24:

offers some resistance to the inward movement of the piston 25 during the setting movement of the 'retarder-lever above de- 7 scribed, but the tension of the spring 43 is "ment of.- the master-lever.

suflicient 130 overcome this resistance during the time provided by the setting move- The spring 43 "subjects the master -lever to a certain resistance or load in its setting movement, but

3.5 taneous exposures of the longest duration.

I as this spring also tends to draw the masterlever [back on, its return movement, the f spring 20,"primarily provided for th1s purpose, maybe made of correspondingly less strength, so that no undue amount of force is necessarygin actuating the master-lever.

hen the shutter is adjusted 1 for instan:

' the piston'25 is moved fully'within the cyl- .inder 24 ,so that the'retarder-lever has at 1 this. time its longest stroke, but the parts are so :adju-sted that even 'at this time the retarder-lever' does not move far enough to interfere with the first part of the return:

movement of themaster-lever, during which i the shutter-blades are being'moved to open position, and consequently both the opening and the closing movements of the blades are racaeany' instantaneous,as is requisite for i the best results. V

jInthe shutter of my said patent, and in other shutters of thesame' type, the retarder hasbeen arranged to cooperate with the master-lever in such va manner that it is released before the completion of the ex- 7 posure-movement of the master-lever, and "is'then'jimmediately returned to operative p'ositionby a spring provided for that purpose, In this'previous arrangement, therefore; the 'forceof the spring inquestion is [opposed to that of the sprlng by which the exposure-movement of the master-lever is Y produced, and consequently the latter spring has to be proportionately stronger, wh le the mechanism is sub ected to greater strain if and friction than would otherwise be incurred. In thepresent arrangement, how

follow the masfieri 1ever=- throughout the setting-movement of the lat ter, the further movement of the master lever being permitted by the connecting- ?spring 43.

accompanying drawings.

eveifj since i the retarderis. 5 set 1' during. the; settlng'rmovement :of. the master-lever, and through a spring whichtends to assist 47118.5

exposure-movement of the lever, .themasterlever-actuating spring can be made weaker 1 than: would-otherwise be necessary: and it 'isparticularly to be noted that this actioniofthe= retarderwsetting spring occurs. at the-= time when: :v it w wis particular-1y i valuable, F namely, when the master-lever isz performs ing th'erfirst, unretardedpart of itsexposure movement :during; which it is; moving: the} blades quickly to wide-open position.

rangeiflent lies in the fact that the master. lever does not have to trip over the retarder, as in previous shutters, during its setting movement.

While the several features of the invention are preferably employed in conjunction to produce a shutter ofsimple construction and reliable action, it will be apparent A fufrther=ad'va'ntage ofthe? presenter-'5' that they are not limited to such conjoint use and that the invention is not, in general, limited to the embodiment thereof hereinbefore described and illustrated in the 1. In a shutter, the combination, with a blade-ring, of a bearing-ring, for supporting the blade-ring, comprising inner and outer portions lying in different parallel planes and connected by an inclined portion;

the metal of the bearing-ring having separate portions sheared, at said inclined port1on, to produce substantially square edges providing bearings for the inner edge of the blade-ring.

- 2. In a shutter, the combination, with a blade-ring, of a bearing-ring, for supporting the blade-ring, having inner and outer portions lying in different parallel planes ter-lever; a spring connecting the master lever'and the retarder-member and tending to cause said abutments to remain in engagement and to cause the retarder-member to follow the master-lever and perform its inoperative movement during the setting movement thereof; and means for arresting suchv inoperative movement of the retarden member before thecompletion of the Seting-movement of the master-lever, whereby seid springl is' subjected to a, tension tending:

to assist'the exposure-movement of the-masten-lever; V

- 4. In ayshutter, the combination, with a lever having an'inclined lug, and a. second leverhztving an extremity adapted to ride yieldingly-over'seid lug, in one direction of movementofthe second lever, and to cooperate Withsaicl lug to actuate" the first lever during the opposite movement 7 of the second :lever; of aLguide-member located adjacentthe first lever end engaged 'by the 7 Copies of thls ua 'cent may be obtained for I v 4 7 washingtomn c.

second lever so as to receive the resilient pressure thereof and relieve ,the first lever therefrom except When the extremity .of the! second lever is riding over said" lug as afore said. 7 L

In testlmony lnfpr'esence of two WltIlBSSGS y FANDREWWOLTJENSAK- Witnesses v x V fFARNUM F; DORSEY,, f

V .D. Gmmnn,

five cents ealdh, by addressing the flbmni ssione'r of Patent;

whereof, I afiix my signature; 

